(1) Geochemical interaction between the geosphere , hydrosphere and the biosphere depends partly on sorption processes and partly on chemical speciation.(2) The geosphere or rocky Earth formed from collisions of planetoids.(3) The transformation of the biosphere seemed to be as slow as the transformation of the geosphere .(4) The nature and magnitude of the exchanges between the geosphere and the Earth's other surficial spheres have changed considerably in historical times.(5) The lithosphere is the rigid outermost layer of the geosphere .
